Physics:Quantum Yang-Mills field
A quantum Yang-Mills field is a non-Abelian gauge field: a field associated with a symmetry group whose generators do not all commute. Yang-Mills fields generalize electromagnetism and are essential for the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and the structure of the Standard Model. Unlike the electromagnetic field, non-Abelian gauge fields can interact directly with themselves.[1][2]
Gauge symmetry
Yang-Mills theory begins with local gauge symmetry. The gauge field is introduced so that the theory remains consistent when internal symmetry transformations vary from point to point in spacetime.[3]
Self-interaction
Because the underlying symmetry is non-Abelian, the field strength contains terms in which gauge fields multiply one another. This produces self-interactions that are absent in ordinary Abelian electromagnetism.[4]
Physical examples
Quantum chromodynamics is a Yang-Mills theory based on color SU(3), with gluon fields as its gauge fields. The electroweak theory also uses non-Abelian gauge fields before symmetry breaking separates the observed photon, W, and Z bosons.[5]
See also
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References
- ↑ "Yang-Mills theory". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang%E2%80%93Mills_theory.
- ↑ Peskin, Michael E.; Schroeder, Daniel V. (1995). An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-50397-5.
- ↑ Schwartz, Matthew D. (2014). Quantum Field Theory and the Standard Model. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-03473-0.
- ↑ "Yang-Mills theory". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang%E2%80%93Mills_theory.
- ↑ "Review of Particle Physics". Physical Review D 110 (3): 030001. 2024. DOI 10.1103/PhysRevD.110.030001.
Source attribution: Physics:Quantum Yang-Mills field