Biography:Bryce DeWitt: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>HandWiki import Imported from HandWiki |
Clean biography infobox and red links |
||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
| birth_date = January 8, 1923 | | birth_date = January 8, 1923 | ||
| birth_place = Dinuba, California | | birth_place = Dinuba, California | ||
| death_date = {{nowrap| | | death_date = {{nowrap|}} | ||
| death_place = {{wipe|Austin, Texas}} | | death_place = {{wipe|Austin, Texas}} | ||
| residence = {{wipe|United States}} | | residence = {{wipe|United States}} | ||
| nationality = {{wipe|United States}} | | nationality = {{wipe|United States}} | ||
| field = [[Physics:Theoretical physics|Theoretical physicist]] | | field = [[Physics:Theoretical physics|Theoretical physicist]] | ||
| work_institution = | | work_institution = Institute for Advanced Study <br /> University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill <br /> University of Texas at Austin | ||
| alma_mater = | | alma_mater = Harvard University | ||
| doctoral_advisor = [[Biography:Julian Schwinger|Julian Schwinger]] | | doctoral_advisor = [[Biography:Julian Schwinger|Julian Schwinger]] | ||
| doctoral_students = [[Biography:Donald Marolf|Donald Marolf]] | | doctoral_students = [[Biography:Donald Marolf|Donald Marolf]] | ||
| prizes = Dirac Prize | | prizes = Dirac Prize (1987)<br /> Pomeranchuk Prize (2002)<br />Einstein Prize <small>(2005)</small> | ||
| spouse = | | spouse = Cécile DeWitt-Morette | ||
| known_for = | | known_for = DeWitt notation | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:École de Physique des Houches (Les Houches Physics School) main lecture hall 1972.jpg|thumb|240px|Discussion in the main lecture hall at the École de Physique des Houches (Les Houches Physics School), 1972. From left, Yuval Ne'eman, Bryce DeWitt, Kip Thorne.]] | [[File:École de Physique des Houches (Les Houches Physics School) main lecture hall 1972.jpg|thumb|240px|Discussion in the main lecture hall at the École de Physique des Houches (Les Houches Physics School), 1972. From left, Yuval Ne'eman, Bryce DeWitt, Kip Thorne.]] | ||
[[Image:DeWitt-Vilkovisky-Barvinsky-Quantum Gravity-V Moscow 1990.gif|thumb|right|Bryce S. DeWitt (center) with Grigori A. Vilkovisky (left) and Andrei O. Barvinsky (right) at the 5th Seminar on Quantum Gravity, Moscow, May 28 – June 1, 1990]] | [[Image:DeWitt-Vilkovisky-Barvinsky-Quantum Gravity-V Moscow 1990.gif|thumb|right|Bryce S. DeWitt (center) with Grigori A. Vilkovisky (left) and Andrei O. Barvinsky (right) at the 5th Seminar on Quantum Gravity, Moscow, May 28 – June 1, 1990]] | ||
'''Bryce Seligman DeWitt''' (January 8, 1923 – September 23, 2004) was an American theoretical physicist who studied | '''Bryce Seligman DeWitt''' (January 8, 1923 – September 23, 2004) was an American theoretical physicist who studied gravity and field theories. | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
He was born '''Carl Bryce Seligman''' but he and his three brothers added "DeWitt" from their mother's side of the family, at the urging of their father in 1950, after Bryce experienced anti-semitism as a "budding young scientist in Europe" (Seligman is a Jewish name; ethnically Bryce was part Jewish).<ref>{{cite book|first=Vona|last=DeWitt Smith|title=''Tierck Clafsen DeWitt and Descendants of His Son Luycas DeWitt''|url=https://books.google.com/?id=HioVZV2leOYC&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=bryce+dewitt+jewish#v=onepage&q=bryce%20dewitt&f=false|publisher=Trafford Publishing|location=Bloomington, Indiana|year=2004|page=198 | He was born '''Carl Bryce Seligman''' but he and his three brothers added "DeWitt" from their mother's side of the family, at the urging of their father in 1950, after Bryce experienced anti-semitism as a "budding young scientist in Europe" (Seligman is a Jewish name; ethnically Bryce was part Jewish).<ref>{{cite book|first=Vona|last=DeWitt Smith|title=''Tierck Clafsen DeWitt and Descendants of His Son Luycas DeWitt''|url=https://books.google.com/?id=HioVZV2leOYC&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=bryce+dewitt+jewish#v=onepage&q=bryce%20dewitt&f=false|publisher=Trafford Publishing|location=Bloomington, Indiana|year=2004|page=198}}<!--source contains apparent typo: 'Saligman' instead of 'Seligman'--></ref> This is similar to Spanish naming customs, where a person bears two surnames, one being from their father and the other from their mother. Twenty years later this change of name is rumored to have so angered Felix Bloch that he blocked DeWitt's appointment to Stanford University and DeWitt instead moved to Austin, Texas.<ref>{{cite book|first=Cécile|last=DeWitt-Morette|title=The Pursuit of Quantum Gravity: Memoirs of Bryce DeWitt from 1946 to 2004|url=https://books.google.com/?id=kz0_jin-9XAC&dq=Bryce+DeWitt+felix+bloch|postscript=; hbk|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|location=Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany|chapter=Chapter V|page=128|year=2011}}</ref> He served in World War II as a naval aviator. He was married to mathematical physicist Cécile DeWitt-Morette. He died September 23, 2004 from pancreatic cancer at the age of 81. He is buried in France, and was survived by his four daughters. | ||
==Work== | ==Work== | ||
He approached the quantization of general relativity, in particular, developed | He approached the quantization of general relativity, in particular, developed canonical quantum gravity and manifestly covariant methods that use the heat kernel. B. DeWitt formulated the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for the wavefunction of the Universe with John Archibald Wheeler and advanced the formulation of Hugh Everett's many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. With his student Larry Smarr he originated the field of numerical relativity. | ||
He received his bachelor's in 1943, master's in 1947 and doctoral degrees from | He received his bachelor's in 1943, master's in 1947 and doctoral degrees from Harvard University in 1950. His Ph.D. supervisor was Julian S. Schwinger. Afterwards he worked at the Institute for Advanced Study, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the University of Texas at Austin. From 1953 to 1956 DeWitt was at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. | ||
He was awarded the Dirac Prize in 1987, the | He was awarded the Dirac Prize in 1987, the American Physical Society's Einstein Prize in 2005 (posthumously), and was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Letters.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://news.utexas.edu/2004/10/20/pioneering-physicist-bryce-dewitt-dies|title=Pioneering physicist Bryce DeWitt dies|journal=University of Texas News|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin|location=Austin, Texas|date=October 20, 2004|accessdate=March 13, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite conference|first=Dean|last=Rickles|title=The Chapel Hill Conference in Context|date=2010|url=http://www.edition-open-sources.org/sources/5/3/|conference=The Role of Gravitation in Physics|publisher=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft|location=Berlin}}</ref> | ||
==Books== | ==Books== | ||
* Bryce DeWitt, ''Dynamical theory of groups and fields'', Gordon and Breach, New York, 1965 | * Bryce DeWitt, ''Dynamical theory of groups and fields'', Gordon and Breach, New York, 1965 | ||
* Bryce DeWitt, R. Neill Graham, eds., ''The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'', Princeton Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1973), | * Bryce DeWitt, R. Neill Graham, eds., ''The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'', Princeton Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1973), ISBN 0-691-08131-X. | ||
* S. M. Christensen, ed., ''Quantum theory of gravity. Essays in honor of the 60th birthday of Bryce S. DeWitt'', Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1984. | * S. M. Christensen, ed., ''Quantum theory of gravity. Essays in honor of the 60th birthday of Bryce S. DeWitt'', Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1984. | ||
* Bryce DeWitt, ''Supermanifolds'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1985. | * Bryce DeWitt, ''Supermanifolds'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1985. | ||
* Bryce DeWitt, ''The Global Approach to Quantum Field Theory'', The International Series of Monographs on Physics, | * Bryce DeWitt, ''The Global Approach to Quantum Field Theory'', The International Series of Monographs on Physics, Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-19-851093-2. | ||
* Bryce DeWitt, ''Sopra un raggio di luce'', Di Renzo Editore, Roma, 2005. | * Bryce DeWitt, ''Sopra un raggio di luce'', Di Renzo Editore, Roma, 2005. | ||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
*{{cite journal | *{{cite journal | ||
|author= | |author=David Deutsch, Christopher Isham, Gregory Vilkovisky | ||
|year=2005 | |year=2005 | ||
|title=Bryce Seligman DeWitt | |title=Bryce Seligman DeWitt | ||
|journal=Physics Today | |journal=Physics Today | ||
|volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=84 | |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=84 | ||
|doi-access=free | |||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 57: | Line 56: | ||
* [http://www.utexas.edu/faculty/council/2006-2007/memorials/dewitt/dewitt.html University of Texas obituary] | * [http://www.utexas.edu/faculty/council/2006-2007/memorials/dewitt/dewitt.html University of Texas obituary] | ||
* [http://inspirehep.net/search?p=find+a+dewitt,+b INSPIRE-HEP list of Dewitt's most famous papers] | * [http://inspirehep.net/search?p=find+a+dewitt,+b INSPIRE-HEP list of Dewitt's most famous papers] | ||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080103113108/http://users.ictp.it/~sci_info/awards/Dirac/DiracMedallists/DiracMedal87.html Dirac Prize citation], | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080103113108/http://users.ictp.it/~sci_info/awards/Dirac/DiracMedallists/DiracMedal87.html Dirac Prize citation], International Centre for Theoretical Physics | ||
* [http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?name=Bryce%20DeWitt&year=2005 Einstein Prize citation], | * [http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?name=Bryce%20DeWitt&year=2005 Einstein Prize citation], American Physical Society | ||
* [http://www.aip.org/history/ohilist/23199.html Oral History interview transcript with Bryce DeWitt February 28, 1995, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives] | * [http://www.aip.org/history/ohilist/23199.html Oral History interview transcript with Bryce DeWitt February 28, 1995, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives] | ||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100823054004/http://www.memorial.ru/ Gaina Alex: The Quantum Gravity Simposim in Moscow, 1987] Gaina Alex: ГОСТИННАЯ:ФОРУМ: Александр Александров *Сборник рассказов*:РЕПРЕССИРОВАННАЯ НАУКА (PURGED SCIENCE) | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100823054004/http://www.memorial.ru/ Gaina Alex: The Quantum Gravity Simposim in Moscow, 1987] Gaina Alex: ГОСТИННАЯ:ФОРУМ: Александр Александров *Сборник рассказов*:РЕПРЕССИРОВАННАЯ НАУКА (PURGED SCIENCE) | ||
| Line 65: | Line 64: | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dewitt, Bryce}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Dewitt, Bryce}} | ||
Category:Relativity theorists | |||
{{Sourceattribution|Bryce DeWitt|1}} | {{Sourceattribution|Bryce DeWitt|1}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:30, 19 May 2026
| Bryce (right) and Cécile (left) | |
| Bryce (right) and Cécile (left) | |
| Born | January 8, 1923 Dinuba, California |
| Died | Austin, Texas |
| Nationality | United States |
| Known for | DeWitt notation |
| Awards | Dirac Prize (1987) Pomeranchuk Prize (2002) Einstein Prize (2005) |
_main_lecture_hall_1972.jpg){kind=link}
Bryce Seligman DeWitt (January 8, 1923 – September 23, 2004) was an American theoretical physicist who studied gravity and field theories.
Life
He was born Carl Bryce Seligman but he and his three brothers added "DeWitt" from their mother's side of the family, at the urging of their father in 1950, after Bryce experienced anti-semitism as a "budding young scientist in Europe" (Seligman is a Jewish name; ethnically Bryce was part Jewish).[1] This is similar to Spanish naming customs, where a person bears two surnames, one being from their father and the other from their mother. Twenty years later this change of name is rumored to have so angered Felix Bloch that he blocked DeWitt's appointment to Stanford University and DeWitt instead moved to Austin, Texas.[2] He served in World War II as a naval aviator. He was married to mathematical physicist Cécile DeWitt-Morette. He died September 23, 2004 from pancreatic cancer at the age of 81. He is buried in France, and was survived by his four daughters.
Work
He approached the quantization of general relativity, in particular, developed canonical quantum gravity and manifestly covariant methods that use the heat kernel. B. DeWitt formulated the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for the wavefunction of the Universe with John Archibald Wheeler and advanced the formulation of Hugh Everett's many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. With his student Larry Smarr he originated the field of numerical relativity.
He received his bachelor's in 1943, master's in 1947 and doctoral degrees from Harvard University in 1950. His Ph.D. supervisor was Julian S. Schwinger. Afterwards he worked at the Institute for Advanced Study, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the University of Texas at Austin. From 1953 to 1956 DeWitt was at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
He was awarded the Dirac Prize in 1987, the American Physical Society's Einstein Prize in 2005 (posthumously), and was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Letters.[3][4]
Books
- Bryce DeWitt, Dynamical theory of groups and fields, Gordon and Breach, New York, 1965
- Bryce DeWitt, R. Neill Graham, eds., The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Princeton Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1973), ISBN 0-691-08131-X.
- S. M. Christensen, ed., Quantum theory of gravity. Essays in honor of the 60th birthday of Bryce S. DeWitt, Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1984.
- Bryce DeWitt, Supermanifolds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1985.
- Bryce DeWitt, The Global Approach to Quantum Field Theory, The International Series of Monographs on Physics, Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-19-851093-2.
- Bryce DeWitt, Sopra un raggio di luce, Di Renzo Editore, Roma, 2005.
References
- ↑ DeWitt Smith, Vona (2004). Tierck Clafsen DeWitt and Descendants of His Son Luycas DeWitt. Bloomington, Indiana: Trafford Publishing. p. 198. https://books.google.com/?id=HioVZV2leOYC&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=bryce+dewitt+jewish#v=onepage&q=bryce%20dewitt&f=false.
- ↑ DeWitt-Morette, Cécile (2011). "Chapter V". The Pursuit of Quantum Gravity: Memoirs of Bryce DeWitt from 1946 to 2004. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 128. https://books.google.com/?id=kz0_jin-9XAC&dq=Bryce+DeWitt+felix+bloch; hbk
- ↑ "Pioneering physicist Bryce DeWitt dies". University of Texas News (Austin, Texas: The University of Texas at Austin). October 20, 2004. https://news.utexas.edu/2004/10/20/pioneering-physicist-bryce-dewitt-dies. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
- ↑ Rickles, Dean (2010). "The Chapel Hill Conference in Context". The Role of Gravitation in Physics. Berlin: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. http://www.edition-open-sources.org/sources/5/3/.
Further reading
- David Deutsch, Christopher Isham, Gregory Vilkovisky (2005). "Bryce Seligman DeWitt". Physics Today 58 (3): 84.
External links
- University of Texas obituary
- INSPIRE-HEP list of Dewitt's most famous papers
- Dirac Prize citation, International Centre for Theoretical Physics
- Einstein Prize citation, American Physical Society
- Oral History interview transcript with Bryce DeWitt February 28, 1995, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives
- Gaina Alex: The Quantum Gravity Simposim in Moscow, 1987 Gaina Alex: ГОСТИННАЯ:ФОРУМ: Александр Александров *Сборник рассказов*:РЕПРЕССИРОВАННАЯ НАУКА (PURGED SCIENCE)
- National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
Category:Relativity theorists
Source attribution: Bryce DeWitt